Options: --config string Location of client config files (default "/home/dw/.docker") -c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use") -D, --debug Enable debug mode -H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to -l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info") --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/dw/.docker/ca.pem") --tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/dw/.docker/cert.pem") --tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/home/dw/.docker/key.pem") --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote -v, --version Print version information and quit
Commands: attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container build Build an image from a Dockerfile commit Create a new image from a container's changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem events Get real time events from the server exec Run a commandin a running container export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive history Show the history of an image images List images import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image info Display system-wide information inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects kill Kill one or more running containers load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN login Log in to a Docker registry logout Log out from a Docker registry logs Fetch the logs of a container pause Pause all processes within one or more containers port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container ps List containers pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rename Rename a container restart Restart one or more containers rm Remove one or more containers rmi Remove one or more images run Run a command in a new container save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) search Search the Docker Hub for images start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop one or more running containers tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers update Update configuration of one or more containers version Show the Docker version information wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command. To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/
Docker镜像命令
Docker images列出本地主机上的镜像
1 2 3
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello-world latest d1165f221234 2 months ago 13.3kB
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE tomcat latest c43a65faae57 2 weeks ago 667MB hello-world latest d1165f221234 2 months ago 13.3kB
docker rmi 某个XXX镜像名字ID
该命令用于删除镜像。
docker rmi -f 镜像ID
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker rmi hello-world Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "hello-world" (must force) - container 6f304ae98477 is using its referenced image d1165f221234 # 可以看到hello-world里面有两层 [dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker rmi -f hello-world Untagged: hello-world:latest Untagged: hello-world@sha256:5122f6204b6a3596e048758cabba3c46b1c937a46b5be6225b835d091b90e46c # <-- Deleted: sha256:d1165f2212346b2bab48cb01c1e39ee8ad1be46b87873d9ca7a4e434980a7726 # <--
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE tomcat latest c43a65faae57 2 weeks ago 667MB
使用镜像centos:latest以交互模式启动一个容器,在容器内执行/bin/bash命令。 docker run -it centos /bin/bash : 进入centos容器的命令行终端
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE tomcat latest c43a65faae57 2 weeks ago 667MB centos latest 300e315adb2f 5 months ago 209MB [dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker run -it 300e315adb2f WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work. [root@1cc047f95a5f /]# ls bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var [root@1cc047f95a5f /]# pwd / [root@1cc047f95a5f /]#
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours gallant_haslett 6f304ae98477 d1165f221234 "/hello" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago sharp_euclid
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -al CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours gallant_haslett 6f304ae98477 d1165f221234 "/hello" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago sharp_euclid
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -q 1cc047f95a5f
退出容器
宿主机相当于大海，docker就相当于海里的一条鲸鱼，images跳到鲸鱼背上进入 容器中。
exit : 容器停止退出。
ctrl+P+Q : 容器不停止在后台运行，退出容器。
启动容器
docker start 容器ID或者容器名
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Up 22 hours gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 seconds epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Up 22 hours gallant_haslett
重启容器
docker restart 容器ID或者容器名
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up About a minute epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Up 22 hours gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up About a minute epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Up 2 seconds gallant_haslett
停止容器
docker stop 容器ID或者容器名
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 minutes epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Up About a minute gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 4 minutes epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 16 seconds ago gallant_haslett
强制停止容器
docker kill 容器ID或者容器名
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 5 minutes epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Exited (0) About a minute ago gallant_haslett
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (137) 1 second ago epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Exited (0) About a minute ago gallant_haslett
删除已停止的容器
docker rm 容器ID
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps # 虽然现在没有容器运行但是缓存记录里存在之前运行过的容器 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps -n 3 CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 8277c5b2cf72 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 16 seconds ago mycentos121 aa33464be938 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (137) About a minute ago epic_benz 1cc047f95a5f 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago gallant_haslett
使用镜像centos:latest以后台模式启动一个容器：docker run -d centos，让容器在后台运行，自己跑，不用进入交互终端。
问题：然后docker ps -a 进行查看, 会发现容器已经退出? 很重要的要说明的一点: Docker容器后台运行，就必须有一个前台进程。 容器运行的命令如果不是那些一直挂起的命令（比如运行top，tail），就是会自动退出的。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker run -d centos WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work. 3c5e4af09ebeaf8d40b053fabd800b09685c53302248675f2c821832af3d21fa
[dw@dk ~]$ sudo docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[dw@dk tmp]$ sudo ls /root anaconda-ks.cfg a.xtx bin
Docker容器常用命令总结
attach Attach to a running container # 当前 shell 下 attach 连接指定运行镜像 build Build an image from a Dockerfile # 通过 Dockerfile 定制镜像 commit Create a new image from a container changes # 提交当前容器为新的镜像 cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path #从容器中拷贝指定文件或者目录到宿主机中 create Create a new container # 创建一个新的容器，同 run，但不启动容器 diff Inspect changes on a container’s filesystem # 查看 docker 容器变化 events Get real time events from the server # 从 docker 服务获取容器实时事件 exec Run a command in an existing container # 在已存在的容器上运行命令 export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive # 导出容器的内容流作为一个 tar 归档文件[对应 import ] history Show the history of an image # 展示一个镜像形成历史 images List images # 列出系统当前镜像 import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball # 从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统映像[对应export] info Display system-wide information # 显示系统相关信息 inspect Return low-level information on a container # 查看容器详细信息 kill Kill a running container # kill 指定 docker 容器 load Load an image from a tar archive # 从一个 tar 包中加载一个镜像[对应 save] login Register or Login to the docker registry server # 注册或者登陆一个 docker 源服务器 logout Log out from a Docker registry server # 从当前 Docker registry 退出 logs Fetch the logs of a container # 输出当前容器日志信息 port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT # 查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端口 pause Pause all processes within a container # 暂停容器 ps List containers # 列出容器列表 pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server # 从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像 push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server # 推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器 restart Restart a running container # 重启运行的容器 rm Remove one or more containers # 移除一个或者多个容器 rmi Remove one or more images # 移除一个或多个镜像[无容器使用该镜像才可删除，否则需删除相关容器才可继续或 -f 强制删除] run Run a command in a new container # 创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令 save Save an image to a tar archive # 保存一个镜像为一个 tar 包[对应 load] search Search for an image on the Docker Hub # 在 docker hub 中搜索镜像 start Start a stopped containers # 启动容器 stop Stop a running containers # 停止容器 tag Tag an image into a repository # 给源中镜像打标签 top Lookup the running processes of a container # 查看容器中运行的进程信息 unpause Unpause a paused container # 取消暂停容器 version Show the docker version information # 查看 docker 版本号 wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code # 截取容器停止时的退出状态值
